case studies

Polyelectrolyte titration using PCD-03 and PCD-T3 is a good way to determine the content of colloidally dissolved substances.

Problem Description Beverages containing carbon dioxide often show gushing. Immediately after the bottle is opened a more or less large amount of the beverage spills out, resulting in complaints from customers (bottling factory, consumer). Since this problem occurs only sporadically, it is almost impossible to predict gushing.

Apple juice spritzer is made of apple juice concentrates and water with the addition of carbon dioxide. The concentrates are often stored for weeks or even months in special tanks or mixed with other ingredients before processing to meet customers' demands.

Control Strategy The precondition for the formation of carbon dioxide bubbles in a beverage is the presence of substances acting as the nuclei of bubbles. In apple juice colloidally dissolved substances of various origins play this part. When the amount of these colloids exceeds a certain value, gushing occurs.